325.1 
N81 


KMYEf.SnY  OF  JLUNOid 
URBAN& 


REPORT 


FKOM   THE 


Department  of  Immigration 

TO 

HIS   EXCELLENCY,   A.   M.   SCALES- 


/V  ^/ 


Document  No.  7.]  [Session  1887. 

P.  M.  Hale,  State  Printer  and  Binder. 

REPORT  FROM  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF 
IMMIGRATION. 


To  PIis  Excellency,  A.  M.  Scales, 

Oovernor,  and  ex  officio  Chairman  of  the 

Board  of  Acjricalture,  Immigration  and  Statistics  : 

Sik: — This  report  from  the  Department  of  Immigration  has 
for  its  subject  the  working  and  results  obtained  under  tlie  direc- 
tion of  your  honorable  Board  of  Agriculture. 

lu  order  that  the  relations  of  this  work  towards  the  people, 
and  the  actual  results  accomplished,  under  many  difficulties,  be 
more  fully  understood,  it  may  not  appear  inappropriate  to  refer 
to  some  of  the  obstacles  tliat  have  presented  themselves  to  those 
who  formerly  had  charge  of  this  branch  of  your  work. 

Commissioner  Polk  in  his  report  .(1879)  to  the  Legislature, 

after  two  years'  work,  says:  "A  good  class  of  Immigration  is 

one  of  the  great  needs  of  the  State,  but  with  our  surroundings 

the  process  by  which  it  is  to  be  secured  must  necessarily   be  of 

Jslow  and  gradual  development,"     *****     "  The  labors 

.  V-of  this  office  have  largely  and  assiduously  been  devoted  to  this 

o  object;  and   while  they   have  at  least   aroused  an   inquiry   and 

"^interest  that  has  never  before  existed,  yet  to  accomplish  much  in 

^-jthis  direction  your  means  should  be  increased." 

y^.   Commmissioner  McGehee  in  his  report  of  1881,  says:  "There 

jistio  one  point  of  policy  upon  which  the  opinion  of  statesmen, 

3certainly  of  the  West  and  South,  is  so  unanimous  as  the  neces- 

'^sity  of  Immigration  ;  it  is  a  recognized  source  of  wealth  to  the 

— State,  not  only  by  reason  of  the  money  which  the  immigrant 

jjbrings,  but  from  his  capacity  as  a  producer.     It  is  estimated  that 

^phy  his  ability  as  a  laborer  each  immigrant  adds  one  thousand 


4  *  Document  No.  7.  [Session 

dollars  to  tlie  resources  of  tlie  State.  Immigration  gives  rise  to 
competition  for  lands,  and  thus  their  value  is  enhanced.  It 
increases  production  and  feeds  trade.  It  diversifies  lal)or  and 
opens  up  new  sources  of  prosperity;  it  adds,  in  fact,  to  the 
wealth  of  the  State  in  countless  ways."     ******* 

"To  this  great  subject  the  attention  ol'  the  people  of  North 
Carolina  has  only  recently  been  turned."     '^     *     *     * 

After  two  years  of  work  the  Commissioner  says  to  the  Legis- 
lature in  his  report  of  1883:  "  A  prominent  ubject  in  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  was  the  introduction 
of  Immigration  into  this  Siate.  As  yet  the  efforts  of  North 
Carolina,  as  those  of  every  Southern  State,  have  met  with  slight 
success."     *     *     *     * 

Tlw  obstacles  in  the  way,  the  Commissioner  enumerates  at 
some  length  ;  he  mentions  the  difference  of  ojjinion  concerning 
slaveiy,  the  speeches  and  writings  "f  designing  politicians  who 
taught  the  people  thai  it  was  unsafe  for  life  and  property  to 
dwell  among  the  Southern  people  and  advised  them  to  shun  the 
Southern  States.  He  says:  "  For  counteracting  the  rejiresenta- 
tions  thus  made,  the  South  had  no  means  ;  Southern  papers  and 
journals  have  no  circulation  abroad."  *  *  *  *' The  Northern 
mind  was  kept  in  a  constant  state;  of  exasperation  by  accounts  of 
alleged  atrocities  as  highly  colored  as  the  most  skillful  rhetoric 
could  employ."  *  *  *  *  "  'j'jjg  people  of  the  North  read 
and  hear  nothing  else,  for  they  read  only  their  own  papers  and 
talk  only  to  those  who  read  them."  *  *  *  "The  general 
Government  had,  as  it  still  has,  millions  of  acres  of  virgin  land 
in  the  market  (in  the  West)  at  a  nominal  i)rice."  *  *  * 
With  the  immense  tracts  of  land  in  the  hands  of  Western 
railroads  and  the  millions  of  money  that  they  have,  has  enabled 
then)  to  canvass  every  section  for  settlers.  Thus  the  Southern 
States  have  had  practically  the  Government  of  the  United  States 
and  the  corporations  created  by  it  as  competitors  for  Immigra- 
tion, 

The  Commissioner  goes  on  to  say:  "To  turn  tlie  current  of 
Immigration   from  old  established   channels,  into   which  it  has 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  5 

flown  for  half  a  century,  and  to  give  to  it  a  new  direction,  can- 
not but  be  regarded  as  in  itself  a  sufficiently  formidable  under- 
taking. *  *  *  On  the  whole,  the  prospect  is  not  very 
encouraging." 

Taking  charge  of  tke  work  during  the  year  1883,  the  present 
manager  found  the  statements  as  made  by  Commissioners  Polk 
and  McGehee  true  in  every  respect,  and  with  the  limited  means 
at  command  it  has  been  a  hard  fight  to  undo  the  work  of  the 
designing  Northern  politicians  and  overcome  the  opposition  of 
the  great  Western  railroads  and  their  millions  of  money,  which 
they  have  been  and  are  now  spending  freely. 

I  appreciated  the  fact  that  if  we  could  enlighten  and  interest 
the  Northern  country  papers  which  go  into  the  families  and  are 
read  by  every  member,  we  could  by  this  means  put  in  an  enter- 
ing wedge,  as  it  were,  and  arrive  at  a  solution  of  the  difficulty. 
Believing  as  we  did,  our  energies  were  directed  towards  interest- 
ing the  editorial  fraternity  throughout  the  Northern  and  New- 
England  States  in  North  Carolina;  and  by  the  latter  part  of 
1884  twice  as  many  editors  as  there  are  in  this  State  were  per-^ 
mauently  interested,  and  since  that  time  have  been  writing  and 
working  for  our  State;  weekly  speaking  to  their  thousands  of 
readers  (see  papers  on  file  in  Immigration  office).  They  have 
recounted  time  and  again  the  misrepresentations  and  uncalled 
for  abuse  heaped  by  designing  Northern  politicians  and  Immi- 
grant Agents  upon  the  Southern  people. 

The  influence  of  these  papers  was  secured  in  such  a  way  that 
for  years  to  come  they  will  lend  a  helping  hand  towards  the  de- 
velopment of  -North  Carolina's  resources.  They  are  published 
in  every  State  from  and  including  Maryland  to  and  including 
Maine.  Through  the  influence  of  these  papers  we  have  been 
enabled  to  overcome  the  disadvantages  to  which  the  Commis- 
sioner refers  when  he  says:  "Southern  papers  and  journals  have 
no  circulation  abroad,  and  therefore  could  not  counteract  the  false 
statements  as  made  throughout  the  North." 

The  assistance  rendered  by  the  editors  referred  to,  and  adver- 
tisements in  their  journals,  brought  thousands  of  inquiries  and 


6  Document  No.  7.  [Session 

called  for  iimny  circulars,  hand-books,  maps,  and  other  priuted 
documents  giving  detailed  information  about  the  State.  These 
publi(!ations  have  been  furnished  to  all  inquiners  through  this 
Bureau;  first  by  your  Agricultural  Board,  in  the  form  of  hand- 
books treating  of  the  general  and  agricultural  advantages  of  the 
State;  Woods  and  Timbers,  treating  specially  of  the  timbers; 
Coal  and  Iron,  devoted  exclusively  to  that  section  of  the  State 
that  contains  discovered  deposits  of  coal  and  iron;  Prof.  Kerr's 
publications  and  maps  prepared  for  the  Board;  the  Monthly  Bul- 
letin and  special  circulars  ()repared  by  the  Bureau  of  Immigra- 
tion. 

Second  :  By  the  Seaboard  Air-Line  Railroad  Company,  which 
through  its  managing  officials.  Col.  Jno.  M.  Robinson,  Maj.  J. 
C.  Winder  and  Mr.  F.  W.  Clark,  has  been  constant  in  season 
and  out  of  season  in  encouraging  and  promoting  the  work  of 
this  department.  They  have  expended  a  large  amount  of  money 
in  printing  hand-books  of  information,  descriptive  circulars  of 
lands,  maps  and  posters.  Through  their  liberality  and  public 
spirited  generosity  they  have  aided  in  placing  many  settlers  along 
their  line  of  road,  from  Weldon  to  Rutherfordton,  and  are  build- 
ing up  a  winter  resort  destined  to  be  second  to  none  in  the 
South. 

Third:  By  Col.  A.  B.  Andrews,  who  has  done  more  towards 
the  developm^it  of  Western  North  Carolina  than  any  railroad 
man  interested  in  the  Richmond  &  Danville  system.  Through 
his  influence  we  have  been  furnished  means  to  publish  and  cir- 
culate various  descriptive  pamphlets  of  the  Western  section. 

Fourth:  By  Col.  J.  A.  Gray,  President  of  the  Cape  Fear  & 
Yadkin  Valley  Railroad,  who  has  furnished  us  with  hand-books 
descriptive  of  the  section  of  country  through  which  his  railway 
runs. 

Fiftii :  By  the  Managers  of  the  Norfolk  Southern  Railroad, 
who  have  paid  for  the  publication  of  several  thousand  copies  of 
a  hand-book  descriptive  of  the  Albemarle  section. 

Sixth:  By  public  spirited  gentlemen  in  several  counties  who 
have  had  prepared  at  their  own  expense  descriptive  circulars  of 
their  respective  counties  and  sections. 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  7 

Seveuth  :  By  enterprising  hotel  proprietors  in  Asheville,  Eden- 
ton,  Charlotte,  Goldsboro  and  other  towns,  who  have  at  our  sug- 
gestion prepared  circulars  setting  forth  the  advantages  of  their 
section  as  desirable  winter  resorts. 

Eighth :  By  our  several  co-workers  in  North  Carolina  who 
have  furnished  descriptive  lists  of  lauds  for  sale  in  their  couuties. 

With  the  assistance  rendered  by  the  railway  officials  and  North 
Carolinians  the  furnishing  of  printed  information  has  cost  the 
State  very  little  in  comparison  to  the  results  obtained. 

The  advertising  through  the  Northern  newspapers  and  the  des- 
criptive pamphlets  sent  out,  caused  the  people  of  the  North  to 
want  to  see  the  State  and  the  advantages  it  had  to  offer  home- 
seekers  and  capitalists,  but  they  did  not  like  to  \my  railroad  charges 
asked  by  lines  running  into  the  State.  When  taking  charge 
of  the  work,  the  lowest  rate  from  Baltimore  to  Raleigh  and 
return  for  prospectors  was  about  fifteen  dollars;  this  was  a  rate 
secured  by  a  former  Agent  of  Immigration.  We  have  succeeded 
in  getting  a  rate  of  eight  dollars  and  forty  cents  from  Baltimore 
to  Raleigh  and  return ;  from  New  York,  fifteen  dollars  and  forty 
cents;  from  Boston,  nineteen  dollars  and  forty  cents;  from  Raleigh 
they  can  visit  any  part  of  the  State  they  desire  at  one  and  a  half 
cents  per  mile. 

Hotels  in  all  the  principal  towns  encourage  the  work  by  mak- 
ing a  special  rate  for  prospectors. 

Besides  the  assistance  and  co-operation  rendered  by  North  Car- 
olinians, we  have  a  system  of  agencies  or  co-workers  who  are 
located  in  every  section  of  the  Northern,  New  England  and  North 
Western  States.  At  New  York  a  North  Carolina  Agency  is 
open,  especially  for  furnishing  information  concerning  North 
Carolina.  These  agencies  are  self-sustaining;  that  is,  they  do 
not  require  from  the  State  of  North  Carolina  any  cash  outlay; 
they  do  their  own  advertising,  and  depend  on  commissions  from- 
the  sale  of  North  Carolina  lands:  land  holders  in  the  State 
desiring  to  sell  lands,  pay  the  agent  who  causes  the  sale  a  com- 
mission, when  the  sale  is  actually  made;  no  charge  unless  the 
land  is  sold.     The  fact  that  exceeding  twenty  agents  are  em- 


8  Document  No.  7.  [Session 

ployed  on  this  plan,  some  of  them  devoting  their  entire  time  to 
this  work,  is  a  dear  proof  that  mnch  money  is  being  directed 
to  the  State  and  many  acres  of  land  sold.  These  agents  in  the 
Northern  States  iiave  spent  more  money  in  advertising  the  State 
than  this  Bureau  has  cost  the  State  since  its  establishment. 

To  more  fully  carry  out  our  plan  of  advertising  in  the  rural 
sections  throughout  the  Northern  States  we  have  prepared  two 
separate  and  complete  exhibits  in  miniature,  of  every  agricultu- 
ral product,  each  variety  of  mineral,  building  stone,  wood,  etc. 
These  exhibits  when  packed  for  shipment  occupy  only  four  large 
traveling  cases  made  especially  for  them,  and  when  displayed, 
they  occupy  a  space  exceeding  twenty  by  one  hundred  feet.  They 
are  so  constructed,  that  two  persons  can  arrange  them  for  exhibit 
in  three  hours,  and  can  take  them  down  and  pack  in  one  hour. 
In  the  fall  of  1885,  we  visited  ten  fairs  in  the  States  of  New 
York,  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey,  entering  in  competition 
for  gold  medals  and  diplomas,  to  be  awarded  to  the  best  exhibit 
from  Southern  or  Western  States  seeking  capital  and  settlers. 
The  gold  medals  in  the  Immigration  office  will  show  that  North 
Carolina  was  not  second  in  a  single  instance.  The  preparation 
of  the  two  exhibits  and  all  expenses  of  visiting  the  ten  fairs, 
cost  only  five  hundred  dollars.  The  fair  managers  were  so  well 
pleased  with  the  display,  and  their  visitors  so  much  interested, 
that  they  made  a  special  request  that  the  exhibit  be  shown  at 
the  last  fall  fairs  (1886),  and  volunteered  to  pay  all  expenses. 
We  embraced  the  opportunity,  and  displayed  at  the  fairs  with- 
out a  dollar's  cost  to  the  State.  In  visiting  these  expositions, 
we  get  Northern  men  who  have  recently  located  in  the  State  to 
accompany  the  exhibit.  They  can  do  much  good  by  meeting 
their  kindred  and  friends  and  speaking  to  them,  face  to  face,  of 
the  treatment  received  at  the  hands  of  North  Carolinians.  These 
settlers  are  anxious  to  accompany  the  exhibit,  especially  as  we 
obtain  for  them  free  transportation. 

There  is  hardly  a  county  in  the  Northern  States  that  has  not 
one  or  more  settlers  in  this  State,  and  it  has  been  no  trouble  to 
secure  as  representatives  of  this  Department  well-informed  men 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  9 

who  came  from  the  very  counties  where  the  fairs  are  held.  The 
exhibit  cases  are  so  arranged  and  put  together  that  they  can  be 
used  for  years  to  come  without  any  further  trouble  or  expense, 
except  renewing  a  iCw  perishable  articles.  The  exhibits  attract 
and  interest  the  people  to  such  an  extent  that  they  are  anxious 
to  obtain  printed  information  about  the  State.  We  meet  the 
people  at  their  own  homes  where  they  have  the  time  and  oppor- 
tunity to  see  and  talk.  I  am  convinced  that  the  visiting  of  the 
county  fairs  does  us,  according  to  money  expended,  far  more 
good  than  the  exhibits  made  at  large  Expositions  or  State  Fairs, 
where  people  are  in  such  hurry  and  excitement  that  they  do 
not  take  in  or  comprehend  what  they  see. 

State  papers,  published  by  our  own  native  people  and  Northern 
settlers,  have  aided  very  materially  by  publishing  from  time  to 
time  descriptive  articles  of  their  respective  sections. 

OPERATIONS,    SUCCESS    AND    AIMS. 

Id  entering  upon  this  work,  it  was  understood  that  I  was 
decidedly  in  favor  of  and  would  consent  only  to  work  for  the 
introduction  of  a  class  of  people  that  could  and  would  be  of 
considerable  benefit  to  our  State,  either  by  distributing  capital 
among  the  farmers,  in  making  purchases  of  farming  lauds,  water 
powers,  mineral  and  timber  lands  and  town  lots,  by  purchasing 
building  material,  agricultural  products  and  other  articles  pro- 
duced by  our  people,  and  l^y  the  employment  of  native  mechanics 
and  laborers,  or  by  lending  their  skill  and  energy  towards 
developing  our  resources. 

In  order  to  best  help  our  people  and  induce  the  better  class  of 
immigration  to  the  State,  we  have  seconded  every  effort  made  to 
build  up  in  North  Carolina  such  winter  resorts  as  have  made 
Aiken,  S.  C,  Thomasville,  Ga.,  and  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  fahious 
resorts  for  Northern  invalids. 

Some  few  who  do  not  understand  this  work  and  the  necessity 
on  the  part  of  the  people  to  co-operate  with  us  before  success  can 
be  attained,  have  expressed  an  opinion  that  we  have  given  special 
preference  to  particular  sections,  to  the  neglect  of  others.     We 


10  Document  No.  1.  [Session 

have  seconded  the  efforts  made  by  the  people  in  even^  section  of 
North  Carolina,  and  stand  ready  to  aid  when  co-operation  is  ex- 
tended. We  have  never  felt  at  liberty  or  thought  that  it  was 
honest,  right  or  just  to  turn  people  from' the  places,  where  by 
judicious  work  and  advertising,  on  the  part  of  the  people  of  par- 
ticular sections  dnd  particular  railroads,  to  points  where  there  are 
no  efforts  made  ou  the  part  of  the  railroads  or  people.  We  have 
never  spent  a  dollar  of  State  money  to  advertise  any  particular 
section;  such  advertising  has  been  done  by  the  railroads  and 
people;  for  instance,  at  Southern  Pines,  a  place  that  is  coming 
into  prominence  as  a  winter  resort,  the  residents  of  Manly 
gave  money  and  lands  to  have  the  section  brought  into  notice 
and  developed.  The  people  were  aided  in  their  efforts  by  the 
Seaboard  Air-Line  Railroad  officials  in  the  most  liberal  way.  We 
have  only  extended  to  them  the  aid  that  was  due  and  just  and 
which  we  were  in  duty  bound  to  do. 

Similar  efforts  are  being  made  by  the  people  around  Newbern, 
aided  by  the  Atlantic  &  North  Carolina  Railroad,  and  by  the  citi- 
zens in  the  section  near  Edenton,  aided  by  the  Norfolk  Southern 
Railroad  and  the  Albemarle  Steam  Navigation  Company.  We  are 
aiding  those  people,  and  we  expect,  through  their  co-operation,  to 
direct  Northerners  there  during  the  winter,  who  will  spend  many 
thousand  dollars  every  year. 

The  success  that  has  followed  these  efforts  has  been  much 
greater  than  was  anticipated,  considering  the  short  period  that  we 
have  been  at  work.  During  the  present  winter,  five  thousand 
people  will  stop  in  the  State  and  spend,  on  an  average,  thirty 
dollars  each,  the  larger  part  of  this  money  going  into  the  hands  of 
farmers  to  pay  for  meats,  poultry,  eggs,  butter  and  other  supplies 
necessary  to  run  hotels.  The  farmer  expends  the  money  for  labor 
and  the  laborer  passes  it  over  to  the  merchant  and  tradesmen. 
Money  brought  in  through  this  channel  goes  directly  to  the 
people  and  is  very  evenly  divided  among  all  classes. 

Besides  the  money  spent  with  the  hotel  proprietors,  by  thq. 
health  and  pleasure  seekers  and  sportsmen,  there  is  exceeding 
forty  dollars  a  day  spent  with  them  by  Northern  men  who  are 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  11 

seeking  lands,  homes  and  investments.  We  have  had  on  an 
average,  the  year  round,  for  the  past  twelve  months,  twenty  such 
men  in  the  State,  and  they  spend  about  two  dollars  per  day, 
making  a  total  for  the  year  of  fourteen  thousand  six  hundred 
dollars;  besides  the  money  spent  at  our  hotels,  a  large  atnount 
goes  to  livery  stable  men  for  hire  of  conveyances,  and  a  very 
large  sum  is  paid  to  our  State  roads  for  transportation.  We 
have  no  exact  way  of  keeping  posted  as  to  the  amount,  but  cer- 
tainly not  less  than  forty  thousand  dollars  goes  to  the  railway 
lines.  Fifty  thousand  dollars  has  been  expended  in  building 
material  and  to  native  mechanics  for  erecting  houses  for  winter 
use.  This  gives  to  us  a  total  amount  placed  into  the  hands  of 
our  own  people,  as  follows  : 

To  hotels  from  pleasure  and  health  seekers $150,000.00 

To  hotels  from  prospectors  and  land   buyers 14,600.00 

To  livery-stable  men  about 3,000.00 

To  native  lumbermen  and  mechanics   50,000.00 

Total 1217,600.00 

We  do  not  count  in  this  the  amount  expended  with  State 
railroads,  as  it  goes  into  the  hands  of  corporations,  and  not 
directly  but  indirectly  into  the  hands  of  our  own  people.  Neither 
do  we  estimate  that  every  settler  is  worth  to  the  State  one 
thousand  dollars  each,  for  this  is  not  actual  money  in  the  hands 
of  the  people,  but  an  accession  worth  the  sum  named  to  the 
State  and  to  the  railroads.  This  is  only  a  beginning  in  this  line. 
Within  a  period  less  than  five  years,  if  efforts  are  made  in  this 
direction,  exceeding  one  million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars 
can  be  annually  l)rought  to  our  people.  We  learn  from  the  way 
Florida  has  been  built  up  and  improved  that  it  costs  less  to  get 
permanent  settlers  by  first  inviting  them  to  spend  the  winter 
months  in  the  State  than  to  use  all  our  efforts  towards  inducing 
them  to  come  down  as  actual  settlers  from  the  start;  those  com- 
ing to  spend  the  winter  are  pleased  with  the  State ;  they  soon 
learn  of  the  advantages  in  the  way  of  cheap  lands,  mild  and  de- 
sirable climate. 


12  Document  No.  7.  [Session 

I  am  sure  that  the  pci^ple  of  North  Carolina  would  be  satisfied 
if  during  my  official  work  for  your  Board,  nothing  had  been 
accomplished  other  than  directing  the  attention  of  Northern  peo- 
ple to  this  State  as  a  desirable  winter  resting  place,  and  bringing 
direct  to  the  people  exceeding  two  hundred  thousand  dollars 
annually,  exceeding  four  times  as  much  as  it  costs  to  run  every 
branch  of  work  connected  vvith  the  Agricultural  Department, 
and  the  money  to  be  spent  for  the  industrial  school,  white  and  col- 
ored agricultual  fairs,  phosphate,  coal  and  oyster  surveys  all 
thrown  in.  And  as  to  the  ninount  spent  in  this  special  work, 
the  $217,000  exceeds  it  seventy  times  over;  therefore,  I  am 
justified  in  saying,  that  if  nothing  more  had  been  accomplished 
the  verdict  <»f  the  people  would  be,  that  this  work  of  the 
Immigration  Department  was  well  worth  the  time,  attention 
and  means  given  by  the  Board  and  its  officers;  but  this  is 
not  all  the  work  accomplished  or  money  directed  to  the  State. 
People  of  means  have  been  induced  to  come  to  North  Carolina, 
who  are  opening  up  swariip  lands  that  have  for  years  yielded  no 
tax  to  the  State,  but  have  been  an  eyesore  and  a  health  destroyer. 
Canals  are  being  made,  mines  developed,  factories  established ^ 
water  powers  utilized  and  timber  lands  brought  into  use.  The 
State's  resources  have  been  so  thoroughly,  honestly  and  fairly 
advertised  that  any  town,  city  or  railroad  enterprise  in  the  State 
has  no  trouble  in  disposing  of  bonds  at  and  above  par,  and  State 
securities  (four  per  cent,  bonds)  have  risen  in  the  past  four  years 
from  eighty-three  cents  on  the  dollar  to  their  full  face  value. 
This  state  of  prosperity  has  come  to  North  Carolina  just  as  pros- 
perity and  success  comes  to  private  enterprises,  by  the  re- 
awaked  interest  of  our  people  in  material  progress,  and  by 
judicious,  thorough  and  constant  advertising.  If  we  continue  to 
prosper,  if  we  want  our  public  and  private  securities  to  still  be 
regarded  as  safe  investments,  we  must  continue  to  advertise. 

It  is  absolutely  impossible  to  keep  trace  of  aud  point  to  all 
the  results  of  this  work.  Advertising  is  done  in  a  general  way 
for  the  entire  State  ;  circulars  of  every  section  are  sent  out. 
Many  people  come  in  who  have   seen  advertisements  and  re- 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  13 

ceived  circulars;  they  purchase  lauds  and  make  investmeuts  with- 
out our  knowledge.  The  territory  is  so  large  and  the  work  has 
growu  to  such  proportions  that  it  is  impossible  for  us  to  accom- 
pany prospectors.  Those  who  come  in  are  given  a  general  letter 
of  introduction  or  a  special  letter  to  some  of  our  co-workers, 
furnished  with  low  rate  transportation  and  go  forth  over  the 
State  to  seek  homes  for  themselves;  the  prospectors  purchase 
land,  settle  down  and  fall  into  the  ways  of  our  people,  and  in  a 
shoi-t  while  even  their  nearest  neighbors  forget  that  they  are  new 
comers. 

The  class  of  settlers  tiiis  Department  has  brought  into  the 
State  are  uot  loud-mouthed  Northern  politicians,  l)ut  quiet 
working  people,  and  few  except  those  in  their  immediate 
viciniiy  are  aware  of  their  presence  in  the  neighborhood. 
Many  settlers  have  come  into  ihe  State  during  the  past  tw^o 
years,  but  their  coming  has  been  so  quiet,  steady  and  business 
like,  and  they  have  marched  into  ranks  with  our  people  in  such 
a  way  as  not  to  attract  attention.  We  frequently  meet  men  in 
our  trips  through  the  State  who  introduce  themselves  by  saying: 
"  You  ought  to  know  me,  I  saw  you  at  a  certain  fair  in  the  North ; 
I  came  out,  was  pleased  with  the  people  and  lands,  and  have 
bought  me  a  ftu'm  and  S{;ttled  down."  We  say  that  it  is  impos- 
sible to  keep  track  of  all  that  has  been  done;  but  we  have  the 
satisfaction  of  knowing  that  North  Carolina  stands  at  the  head 
of  the  column  in  the  ranks  of  the  Southern  States,  and  is  so  ac- 
knowledged by  every  leading  authority;  and  the  South  stands 
out  t(,)-day  as  the  most  promising  section  of  the  Union  for  those 
seeking  desirable  homes;  this  is  a  conmion  expression  in  the 
business  circles  North.  To-day  I  have  received  a  circular  from 
the  largest  newspaper  advertising  establishment  in  the  world; 
it  is  headed:  ''The  West  gives  way  to  the  South — Dixie  is  be- 
coming King  in  Wall  Street."  Read  what  the  New  York  Times 
says  in  its  financial  article  of  November  21st,  regarding  the 
present  and  future  of  the  South :  "Only  a  casual  glance  over  the 
daily  dealings  of  the  stock  exchange  shows  how  true  this  is; 
Southern    securities   make   up   the  big    figures   that   show  total 


14 


Document  No.  7.  [Session 


transactions;  there  are  many  reasons  for  this  cliauge.  *  *  * 
During  the  last  six  years  a  thousand  million  dollars  have  been 
added  to  the  wealth  of  the  old  twelve  Southern  States.  Nothing 
to  compare  with  this  has  ever  happened  in  the  land  before. 
*  *  *  The  South,  after  all  its  loss  of  blood  and  waste  of 
wealth,  has  grown  stronger  than  ever  in  the  aristocratic  ante- 
bellum days." 

We  repeat  that  the  South  stands  out  as  the  most  inviting 
section  of  the  Union  to  Northern  Immigrants,  and  North  Caro- 
lina is  regarded  as  the  most  prosperous  and  energetic  of  the 
Southern  States.  The  great  agricultural  journal  of  America, 
the  American  Agriculturist,  admits  as  much  in  the  following 
words:  "North  Carolina  is  a  State  that  is  progressing  and 
developing  faster  than  any  other  in  the  South,  under  the  foster- 
ing care  of  a  liberal  and  enterprising  State  Government." 

In  a  private  letter  of  recent  date  the  chief  editor,  David  W. 
Judd,  says:  "I  will  make  it  a  point  within  the  next  few  months 
to  come  down  to  North  Carolina  and  devote  several  pages  of  the 
American  Agriculturist  to  the  development  and  progress  of  the 
State.  I  do  this  not  only  because  it  is  due  to  you,  but  because 
we  have  so  many  subscribers  where  there  is  such  a  bright  outlook 
for  the  future.  You  may  be  sure  that  we  are  very  much  inter- 
ested in  the  eiforts  which  you  and  others  are  making  to  develop 
the  resources  of  the  Old  North  State,  which  is  certainly  coming 
forward  with  great  rapidity." 

The  Norfolk  Virginian,  a  paper  that  is  so  located  as  to  see  the 
majority  of  people  as  they  pass  through  Virginia  on  their  way 
to  North  Carolina,  admits  as  much  by  saying :  "  It  was  demon- 
strated in  the  Virginian  of  Sunday,  both  by  figures  and  conces- 
sions of  the  Northern  press,  that  the  South  has  within  the  present 
year  (1886)  eclipsed  any  other  section  of  the  Union  in  develop- 
ment, but  we  are  especially  concerned  as  to  the  share  of  Virginia 
in  future  additions  to  her  wealth  of  money,  manufacturing  pos- 
sessions and  persons.  We  therefore  hail  with  satisfaction  the  re- 
organization of  the  Virginia  Bureau  of  Immigration,  with  such 
a  head  as  Maj.  R.  W.  Nowland.     It  seems  to  us  a  serious  omis- 


1887.]  Document  No.  7.  J  5 

sion  iu  the  last  Legislature  not  to  have  made  ample  provision 
for  such  an  organization.  How  much  Mr.  Patrick,  the  active 
Agent  of  North  Carolina,  has  contributed  to  the  growth  of  our 
sister  State,  it  would  be  hard  to  overestimate." 

Knowing  that  North  Carolinians  want  direct  information  of 
actual  work  accomplished,  we  give  a  few  figures  showing  the 
recent  cash  investments  made  in  the  State  by  persons  coming 
from  other  States.  This  is  only  a  small  part  of  what  lias  been 
done  for  the  State,  but  we  desire  to  quote  results,  where  the 
money  went  into  the  hands  of  the  agricultural 


Invested  for  farming  lands $189,600  00 

"         "    Manufacturing  property 182,500  00 

"         "    Mining  "        110,000  00 

"     Town  "        20,000  00 

Total  $502,100  00 

This  money  is  brought  in  from  outside  of  the  State,  placed  into 
the  hands  of  North  Carolinians  who  have  to  pay  if  they  desire  to 
borrow,  and  receive  if  they  desire  to  loan,  eight  per  cent,  inter- 
est. At  this  rate,  the  above  amount  is  worth  each  year  to  our 
home  people  $40,168.00.  The  county  and  State  receive  from 
it  at  say  a  tax  of  six  dollars  on  the  one  thousand  dollars, 
$3,01 2.G0  per  year. 

To  sum  up  the  amount  received  by  our  people  annually: 

Spent  by  Northern  visitors  and  tourists,  prospec- 
tors and  home  seekers  $217,600  00 

Interest  on  $502,100.00,  investment  in  lands,  min- 
erals, etc.,  etc 40,168  00 

Tax  on  $502,100.00,  investments  in  lands,  minerals, 

etc 3,012  60 

Total $260,780  60 

Estimating  from  the  very  safest  standpoint  we  have  a  total  of 
exceeding  one-fourth  of  a  million  dollars.     This  amount  will 


jg  Document  No.  7.  [Session 

come  in  from  year  to  year  an^l  increase  in  volume  each  succeeding 
year.  This  result  has  been  brought  about  with  an  annual  ex- 
penditure of  less  than  three  thousand  dollars,  everything  in- 
cluded, salaries,  advertising,  office  expenses,  visiting  fairs,  etc. 

I  feel  that  with  the  experience  of  four  years'  successful  work, 
the  knowledge  of  what  the  people  need  and  want  and  the  ad- 
vantages we  now  have,  much  more  can  be  done  during  the  next 
two  years  than  has  been  done  in  the  past  four  years,  and  with 
renewed  energy  on  the  part  of  the  Agricultural  Board  and  its 
officers,  North  Carolina  can  still  be  leader  in  the  grand  march 
of  progress. 

It  certainlv  should  be  gratifying  to  the  members  of  the  present 
Board  to  reflect  that,  starting  as  they  did  four  years  ago  with 
many  hindrances  in  the  way,  they  have  by  a  wise  and  pro- 
gressive management,  aided  by  the  co-operation  of  an  intelligent 
press  and  a  wide-awake  people,  placed  North  Carolina  before  the 
world  as  the  leading  Southern  State  in  the  way  of  enterprise  and 

progress. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

JOHN  T.  PATRICK, 

General  Agent  of  Iinmujration. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


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